Empalina 25/5mg 10pcs

Uses of Empalina 25/5 Tablet

• Type II Diabetes Mellitus

How does Empalina 25/5 Tablet work?

Empagliflozin inhibits the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), reducing renal reabsorption of glucose and increasing urinary glucose excretion. Linagliptin inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), increasing the concentrations of active incretin hormones, stimulating insulin release, and decreasing glucagon levels.

Side Effects of Empalina 25/5 Tablet

Common side effects include urinary tract infection, stuffy or runny nose, sore throat, and upper respiratory tract infection.

Quick Suggestions:

• Take Empalina 25/5 Tablet as prescribed by your doctor. It may be taken with or without food.
• Do not break, crush, or chew the tablet. Swallow it as a whole with an adequate amount of water.
• Do not take in larger or smaller amounts than prescribed. Your doctor may change the dose over time based on therapeutic response and clinical condition.
• Do not discontinue the medicine without consulting your doctor, even if your sugar level is normal.
• Regularly monitor your blood sugar levels during treatment with this medicine.
• Consult your doctor if you experience any undesirable effects that persist or worsen.
• Always carry a sugar candy with you to counteract the unexpected lowering of blood sugar levels.

Missed Dose & Overdose of Empalina 25/5 Tablet

Do not miss a dose of Empalina 25/5 Tablet. If you do miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, then skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.

Do not take more than the prescribed dose of Empalina 25/5 Tablet. If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency medical treatment immediately.

Pharmacology

Empagliflozin works by inhibiting the action of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), which is primarily responsible for reabsorbing glucose from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream in the kidneys. By blocking SGLT2, empagliflozin reduces the renal reabsorption of filtered glucose, thereby lowering the renal threshold for glucose and increasing the excretion of glucose in the urine.

On the other hand, linagliptin functions as an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), an enzyme that breaks down incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). By inhibiting DPP-4, linagliptin raises the concentrations of active incretin hormones, which then stimulate the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells in a glucose-dependent manner. Additionally, linagliptin reduces the levels of glucagon, another pancreatic hormone involved in regulating blood glucose levels. This dual action helps to improve glucose control by increasing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon release, ultimately leading to a reduction in hepatic glucose production and improved glucose homeostasis.

Dosage & Administration of Empalina 25/5 Tablet

The recommended dose is 10 mg empagliflozin and 5 mg linagliptin once daily, taken in the morning, with or without food. It may be increased to 25 mg empagliflozin and 5 mg linagliptin once daily based on clinical response.

Seek immediate medical attention if you encounter any of the following symptoms while taking Empalina 25/5 Tablet:

• Severe Hypoglycemia Symptoms
• Serious Allergic Reaction
• Severe Skin Rashes
• Pancreatitis Symptoms
• Signs of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
• Kidney or Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms
• Signs of Fournier’s Gangrene
• Dehydration Symptoms

Some diet and lifestyle recommendations to help manage diabetes effectively:

• Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise per week. Regular physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity and overall cardiovascular health.
• Gradually work towards achieving a healthy body mass index (BMI) by adopting a balanced diet and engaging in regular physical activity. Weight loss, if necessary, should be done gradually and under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
• Focus on replacing refined carbohydrates with whole grain foods and increasing your intake of fruits, vegetables, and fiber-rich foods. These foods have a lower glycemic index and can help stabilize blood sugar levels.
• Limit the intake of saturated fats found in processed and fried foods, and opt for healthier fats such as omega-3 fatty acids found in fish, nuts, and seeds. Choose cooking oils high in omega-3 fatty acids for daily cooking.
• High stress levels can adversely affect blood sugar levels. Practice stress management techniques such as mindfulness, meditation, or yoga to help control stress-related fluctuations in blood sugar levels.
• Choose low-fat or fat-free dairy products such as yogurt, milk, and cheese to reduce saturated fat intake while still meeting your calcium and protein needs.
• Aim to keep your blood pressure within normal limits (120/80 mmHg) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes. This can be achieved through lifestyle modifications such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and medication if prescribed by your doctor.

What is Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is indeed a chronic condition that affects how the body metabolizes sugar (glucose), a vital source of energy. When someone has type 2 diabetes, their body either resists the effects of insulin — a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into your cells — or doesn't produce enough insulin to maintain normal glucose levels.

This type of diabetes is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and poor dietary habits, although genetic and environmental factors also play a role.

Common symptoms of type 2 diabetes include:

1. Increased Thirst: Experiencing persistent thirst despite drinking fluids.
2. Frequent Urination: This is particularly noticeable at night (nocturia) due to excess glucose in the blood.
3. Slow Wound Healing: High blood sugar levels can impair the body's ability to heal wounds.
4. Increased Hunger: Despite eating, individuals may feel continually hungry.
5. Fatigue: Feeling tired or lethargic, even after getting adequate rest.
6. Blurred Vision: High blood sugar levels can cause changes in vision.

While weight gain is common in individuals with type 2 diabetes due to insulin resistance and metabolic imbalances, some people may experience weight loss, especially if the condition is poorly managed or if diabetes-related complications arise.

Complications associated with type 2 diabetes can affect various organs and systems in the body. These may include:

1. Neuropathy: Nerve damage that can lead to pain, tingling, or numbness, particularly in the hands and feet.
2. Nephropathy: Kidney damage, which can eventually progress to kidney failure if left untreated.
3. Retinopathy: Damage to the blood vessels in the retina, which can lead to vision impairment or blindness.
4. Peripheral Vascular Disease: Reduced blood flow to the limbs, increasing the risk of infections and, in severe cases, requiring limb amputation.
5. Cardiovascular Complications: Type 2 diabetes significantly increases the risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke.

Early detection, proper management through medication, lifestyle modifications (such as healthy eating, regular exercise, and weight management), and regular medical check-ups are essential for effectively managing type 2 diabetes and reducing the risk of complications.

Interaction

Before taking Empalina 25/5 Tablet, inform your doctor if you are taking other medicines used to manage diabetes, epilepsy, hypertension, mental illness, or tuberculosis, as interactions may occur.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Empalina 25/5 Tablet is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential fetal risk, especially in the second and third trimesters. It is also not recommended while breastfeeding.

Precautions & Warnings

Pancreatitis, ketoacidosis, volume depletion, urosepsis, pyelonephritis, hypoglycemia, necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum, genital mycotic infections, hypersensitivity reactions, arthralgia, bullous pemphigoid, and heart failure are some of the precautions and warnings associated with Empalina 25/5 Tablet.

Storage Conditions:

Keep Empalina Empalina 25/5 Tablet below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture, and out of the reach of children.