Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet

Uses:

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus

How does Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet work?

Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet is an antidiabetic medication that combines two active ingredients: Empagliflozin and Linagliptin.

Empagliflozin:

• Function: Eliminates excess sugars from the body through urine.
• Action: Helps in controlling blood sugar levels.

Linagliptin:

• Function: Stimulates the pancreas to release more insulin.
• Action: Improves insulin secretion and aids in glucose digestion.

Side Effects of Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet

• Urinary tract infections
• Nasopharyngitis
• Upper respiratory tract infections
• Frequent urination
• Dizziness or light-headedness

Quick Suggestions:

• Avoid if you have severe kidney disease, are on dialysis, or have diabetic ketoacidosis.
• Seek medical attention for severe upper stomach pain, vomiting, fast heart rate, dizziness, extreme thirst, reduced urination, heavy sweating, or hot and dry skin.
• Watch for signs of serious infections in the genital or rectal area.

Type 2 Diabetes

Definition: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, lifelong condition characterized by the body's inability to properly utilize insulin. Individuals with type 2 diabetes either do not produce enough insulin or resist the actions of insulin.

Demographics: This condition is commonly associated with middle-aged or older individuals and is sometimes referred to as adult-onset diabetes.

Symptoms:

• Increased thirst
• Frequent urination, especially at night
• Slow wound healing
• Increased hunger
• Fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Weight gain (in some cases)
• Weight loss (in rare cases)

Complications: Type 2 diabetes can lead to various complications, including:

• Neuropathy (nerve problems)
• Nephropathy (kidney problems)
• Retinopathy (damage to the retina, potentially leading to blindness)
• Loss of limbs
• Sexual dysfunction
• Increased risk of heart attack or stroke

Management: Management of type 2 diabetes involves lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, exercise, and, in some cases, medication. Regular monitoring and control of blood sugar levels are crucial to prevent complications.

Note: Awareness of symptoms and proactive management are key in addressing type 2 diabetes and reducing the risk of associated complications. Regular medical check-ups and adherence to prescribed treatments play a significant role in controlling the condition.

Pharmacology

Empagliflozin blocks a certain protein in the kidneys called sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) and prevents the reabsorption of glucose (sugar) by the kidneys. This causes the removal of blood sugar through the urine. Linagliptin acts by blocking another protein called dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4). This causes the pancreas to produce more insulin when blood sugar levels are high, like after a meal. As a result, Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet lowers your blood sugar levels and keeps them adequately controlled.

Dosage & Administration of Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet

• Initiate with Empagliflozin 10 mg-Linagliptin 5 mg once daily in the morning.
• Adjust based on tolerance.
• Maximum dose: Empagliflozin 25 mg-Linagliptin 5 mg per day.
• Follow your doctor's prescription precisely.
• Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water.
• Do not crush or chew the tablet.
• Can be taken with or without meals.

Interaction

Drug-Drug Interactions: Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet may interact with the following medications:

1. Beta-blocker medications: such as metoprolol, propranolol, and glaucoma eye drops such as timolol.
2. Antidiabetic class of drugs: e.g., glimepiride and insulin glargine.
3. Antimanic agents: lithium.

Drug-Food Interactions: Interactions with food and beverages:

• Intake of excessive alcoholic beverages may increase the chance of a life-threatening condition known as Lactic Acidosis. Therefore, it is advised to avoid the intake of alcoholic beverages while using Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet.

Drug-Disease Interactions: Caution should be exercised in individuals with the following conditions:

1. Pancreatitis
2. Lactic acidosis
3. Cardiovascular risk
4. Hypoglycemia
5. B12 deficiency

Contraindications

You should not take Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet if:

• You are allergic to empagliflozin, linagliptin, or any other ingredient in Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet.
• You are allergic to any other sodium-glucose-cotransporter 2/SGLT2 inhibitors (such as dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, ertugliflozin, remogliflozin, tofogliflozin) or dipeptidyl-peptidase-4/DPP4 inhibitors (such as sitagliptin, saxagliptin, vildagliptin, alogliptin).

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Follow the doctor's advice. Control of diabetes is crucial during pregnancy.
• Avoid during the second or third trimester.
• Not recommended for breastfeeding.

Precautions & Warnings

Before Taking Glyxam 5/25mg Tablet Inform Your Doctor if You Have the following:

• Liver or kidney disease
• Bladder infection or urination problems
• Pancreas disorder
• Heart failure
• Gallstones
• Genital infection
• Alcoholism
• Low salt diet
• Age 65 or older
• Planned surgery
• High cholesterol or triglycerides

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool & dry place. Protect from light.