Flunarizine is a difluorinated derivative of cinnarizine and acts as a selective calcium channel blocker. It reduces excessive calcium entry into cells, thereby preventing cellular calcium overload while preserving normal calcium balance. In addition, it possesses mild antihistaminic and sedative properties. Approximately 99% of the drug binds to plasma proteins.
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Tigover is used for the prevention of migraine attacks, including both classic migraine (with aura) and common migraine (without aura). It is also indicated for the symptomatic treatment of vestibular vertigo resulting from functional vestibular disorders, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), motion sickness, and as an adjunctive therapy in refractory epilepsy that does not respond adequately to conventional antiepileptic medications.
Pharmacology
Dosage and Administration
Drug Interactions
Precautions and Warnings
Tigover may cause drowsiness, which can be worsened by alcohol or other central nervous system depressants. Patients should avoid driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
This medication is intended for migraine prevention and should not be used to stop an acute migraine attack. Increasing the dose during a migraine episode is not recommended.
Flunarizine may induce depressive symptoms, extrapyramidal reactions, or unmask Parkinsonism, particularly in elderly individuals and those predisposed to these conditions. Regular monitoring is advisable during long-term therapy.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Therapeutic Class
Other drugs used for migraine prevention.
If depression, extrapyramidal symptoms, or other significant adverse effects develop, treatment should be discontinued. Patients who show no meaningful improvement after two months should be considered non-responders, and therapy should be stopped.
For maintenance therapy, patients who respond well may continue treatment at the same dose for five consecutive days each week, followed by two drug-free days. Even when effective, treatment should generally be interrupted after six months and restarted only if migraine symptoms recur.
Common adverse effects include:
Less common but clinically important effects include:
Other infrequently reported reactions include:
Women taking oral contraceptives may occasionally experience galactorrhea during the first few months of treatment. Enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs such as carbamazepine and phenytoin can increase the metabolism of flunarizine, potentially reducing its effectiveness and necessitating dosage adjustments.
The safety of flunarizine during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been firmly established. It should be used only when the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks and under medical supervision.
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