Tablet, Generic Name: Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate, Manufacturer: Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
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Acute lupus erythematosus, Kawasaki disease and dermatomyositis sarcoidosis, Lyme disease, Malaria, Porphyria cutanea tarda, Q fever, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren’s syndrome, Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Pharmacology
Hydroxychloroquine is a 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial with actions similar to those of chloroquine but is mainly used in the treatment of SLE and rheumatoid arthritis. It interferes with digestive vacuole function within susceptible malarial parasites by increasing pH and interrupting with lysosomal degradation of Hb thus impeding normal cell function of sensitive parasites.
Dosage & Administration
Acute malaria:
Adult: Initially, 800 mg followed by 400 mg 6-8 hr later, then a further 400 mg on each of the succeeding 2 days.
Child: 13 mg/kg; followed by 6.5 mg/kg 6 hr later and repeat dose on the 2nd and 3rd days.
Prophylaxis of malaria:
Adult: 400 mg every 7 days. Begin 2 wk before exposure, continue for 4-6 wk after leaving the endemic area.
Child: 6.5 mg/kg once wkly. Max: 400 mg/dose.
Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus:
Adult: Initially, 400 mg daily in divided doses. Maintenance: 200-400 mg/day. Max: 6.5 mg/kg/day or 400 mg/day whichever is lower.
Child: Up to 6.5 mg/kg/day or 400 mg/day whichever is lower. Lowest effective dose should be used.
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Interaction
Cimetidine may increase serum levels of hydroxychloroquine. Its absorption may be decreased by kaolin or Mg trisilicate. Avoid digoxin and alcohol. Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias when used with halofantrine. Concurrent use with mefloquine may increase the risk of convulsions.
Contraindications
Retinal or visual field changes, known hypersensitivity. Long-term use in children.
Side Effects
Generally Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate is well tolerated. However, few side effects like nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, loss of appetite, diarrhea, tiredness, weakness or headache and visual problem may occur the first several days.
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