Micoral 2% Oral Gel 15g

Uses of Micoral Oral Gel

• Treatment of fungal skin infection

How does Micoral Oral Gel work?

Micoral Oral Gel works by destroying the fungus that causes the infection and some of the associated bacteria which may also be present.

Side Effects of Micoral Oral Gel

• Application site reactions (burning, irritation, itching, and redness)

Quick Suggestions:

• Hand hygiene: Wash your hands with soap before and after applying the cream to maintain cleanliness and prevent the spread of infection.
• Personal belongings: Do not share towels or clothes with others to avoid spreading the infection. Wear clean clothes every day.
• Application: Apply a sufficient amount of the ointment to cover the affected area and about 1 inch of the surrounding skin. Follow the instructions provided by your doctor or on the medication packaging.
• Duration of treatment: The duration of treatment varies depending on the type of infection. Skin infections usually require 2 to 6 weeks of treatment, while nail infections may require 6 weeks to 6 months. Follow your doctor's instructions and complete the full course of treatment, even if you start feeling better.
• Foot care: For fungal infections on the feet, regularly change your socks and wash your feet. Avoid wearing shoes that make your feet sweaty and hot. In wet environments like changing rooms or gym showers, avoid walking barefoot to prevent fungal infections.
• Scratching: Refrain from scratching the affected area of the skin, as it can lead to the spread of infection to other parts of the body.
• Avoid sharing personal items: Do not share towels, combs, bedsheets, shoes, or socks with others to prevent the transmission of the infection.
• Bed sheets and towels: Regularly wash your bed sheets and towels to maintain cleanliness and prevent reinfection.
• Avoid contact with the nose, mouth, or eyes. If accidental exposure occurs, rinse thoroughly with water.
• Take the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if you start feeling better. Skipping doses may lead to incomplete treatment and recurrence of the infection.
• Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. They can provide appropriate guidance and evaluate the safety of the medication in your specific situation.

Indication

The antifungal drug micoral is used to treat skin fungus infections. It functions by eradicating the fungus that causes illnesses including ringworm, athlete's foot, Dobie Itch, and dry, flaky skin. Your doctor's recommended dosage and time frame for using Micoral should be followed.

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics refers to how a drug works in the body to produce its therapeutic effects. In the case of Miconazole, it has antifungal activity against common dermatophytes (fungi that cause skin infections) and yeasts. It also exhibits antibacterial activity against certain gram-positive bacteria, including bacilli and cocci.

The mechanism of action of Miconazole is based on inhibiting a step in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, which is an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. By disrupting the production of ergosterol, Miconazole causes gaps to appear in the fungal cell membrane. These gaps lead to the leakage of vital components from the fungal cells, ultimately resulting in their death.

Moving on to pharmacokinetics, Miconazole has low oral bioavailability, meaning that only a small percentage (25-30%) of the drug is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. When Miconazole is administered as an oral gel, it is systemically absorbed. Once absorbed, Miconazole binds extensively to plasma proteins, primarily serum albumin and red blood cells.

Metabolism plays a significant role in the elimination of Miconazole. The majority of the absorbed drug undergoes metabolism in the body. Less than 1% of the administered dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. The terminal half-life of Miconazole, which represents the time taken for the drug concentration in the plasma to decrease by half, is approximately 20-25 hours in most patients. The elimination half-life of Miconazole remains similar in patients with renal impairment.

It's important to note that these pharmacokinetic parameters may vary depending on individual factors such as age, liver function, and renal function.

Dosage & Administration of Micoral Oral Gel

For the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis (oral thrush):

• Infants aged 4-24 months: Administer 1.25 ml (1/4 measuring spoon) of the gel, four times a day after meals.
• Adults and children aged 2 years and older: Administer 2.5 ml (1/2 measuring spoon) of the gel, four times a day after meals.

For gastrointestinal tract candidiasis:

• Infants (4 months of age or older), children, and adults who have difficulty swallowing tablets: Administer 20 mg per kg of body weight per day, divided into four separate doses. The daily dosage should not exceed 250 mg (10 ml of gel) four times a day.

If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.

When administering the gel for localized mouth injuries, apply a small amount of gel 2-4 times a day directly to the affected area using a clean finger. It is recommended to keep the Miconazole oral gel in contact with the affected area for as long as possible. The treatment should be continued for at least a week after symptoms have resolved. For oral candidiasis, remove the dental prosthesis at night and brush it with the gel.

Remember to follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare professional or the medication's packaging.

Interaction

• Miconazole Oral Gel has the potential to interact with several medications. Here are some notable interactions:
• Warfarin (anticoagulant): Miconazole may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, which can increase the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of coagulation parameters is recommended when using both medications together.
• Oral hypoglycemic drugs (e.g., sulfonylureas): Miconazole can increase or prolong the effects of oral hypoglycemic drugs used to lower blood sugar levels. Monitoring blood glucose levels and adjusting the dosage of hypoglycemic medications may be necessary.
• Phenytoin (antiepileptic drug): Miconazole can increase or prolong the effect of phenytoin. Close monitoring of phenytoin levels and potential dosage adjustments may be required.
• HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., saquinavir): Miconazole may increase or prolong the effects of HIV protease inhibitors, which are used to treat HIV infection. Dose adjustments or monitoring of drug levels may be necessary.
• Antineoplastic agents (e.g., vinca alkaloids, busulfan, docetaxel): Miconazole can increase or prolong the effect of certain anticancer drugs. Close monitoring of drug levels and potential dosage adjustments may be needed.
• Calcium channel blockers (e.g., dihydropyridines, verapamil): Miconazole may increase or prolong the effects of calcium channel blockers, which are used to treat high blood pressure and certain heart conditions. Dose adjustments or monitoring may be required.
• Immunosuppressive agents (e.g., ciclosporin, tacrolimus, sirolimus): Miconazole can increase or prolong the effects of immunosuppressive drugs used after organ transplantation or in autoimmune diseases. Close monitoring of drug levels and potential dosage adjustments may be necessary.
• Several other medications: Miconazole can interact with various other drugs, including carbamazepine, cilostazol, buspirone, disopyramide, alfentanil, sildenafil, alprazolam, brotizolam, midazolam IV, rifabutin, methylprednisolone, trimetrexate, ebastine, reboxetine, astemizole, cisapride, dofetilide, halofantrine, mizolastine, pimozide, quinidine, sertindole, terfenadine, and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (e.g., simvastatin). These interactions may vary from increased effects to potentially serious adverse effects. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional or pharmacist about potential interactions when taking these medications together with Miconazole Oral Gel.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity: If a patient has a known hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to any of the components present in Miconazole Oral Gel, its use should be avoided. Allergic reactions may manifest as itching, rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing. If you have experienced any allergic reactions to Miconazole or its components in the past, it is important to inform your healthcare provider before using the medication.

Liver Dysfunction: Miconazole Oral Gel is contraindicated in patients with liver dysfunction. Liver dysfunction refers to any condition where the liver is not functioning properly, such as liver disease or impaired liver function. Since Miconazole is metabolized in the liver, patients with liver dysfunction may have difficulties in processing and eliminating the medication from their system. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional and provide information about your liver health before using Miconazole Oral Gel.

In both cases, if you have a known hypersensitivity to Miconazole or its components, or if you have liver dysfunction, it is advisable to discuss alternative treatment options with your doctor. They can provide guidance and prescribe a suitable alternative medication based on your specific condition and medical history.

Pregnancy & Lactation

There's no data with regard to the security of Miconazole verbal gel amid pregnancy. So Miconazole verbal gel ought to be maintained a key separate in pregnant ladies in case conceivable or the potential risks ought to be adjusted against the conceivable benefits. As numerous drugs are excreted in the human brain, caution ought to be worked out when Miconazole is managed by a nursing lady.

Precautions & Warnings

Caution is advised when using Miconazole Oral Gel, especially in infants and young children, to prevent any obstruction of the throat. The gel should be applied carefully to ensure it does not cause any discomfort or difficulty in swallowing.

Regarding lactation, it is not known whether Miconazole is distributed in breast milk. Therefore, caution is advised when using Miconazole Oral Gel while breastfeeding. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional or lactation specialist to weigh the potential benefits and risks before using this medication during breastfeeding.

It's important to always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare professional or the medication's packaging when using Miconazole Oral Gel, and if you have any concerns or questions, consult with your doctor or pharmacist for further guidance.

Storage Conditions

keep in a dry put absent from light and warm. Keep out of the reach of children.