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Metronidazole, an imidazole derivative, is a potent antiprotozoal and antibacterial agent. Its 5-nitro group undergoes enzymatic reduction by anaerobic organisms, producing reactive intermediates that disrupt microbial DNA, ultimately exerting a bactericidal effect.
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✅ Description:
Flagyl is used in the treatment and prevention of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa. These include:
- Prevention of post-surgical infections caused by anaerobes (especially Bacteroides and anaerobic streptococci).
- Treatment of conditions such as septicaemia, bacteraemia, peritonitis, brain and pelvic abscesses, pelvic cellulitis, and infected surgical wounds caused by anaerobic organisms.
- Management of urogenital trichomoniasis.
- Treatment of bacterial vaginosis (non-specific vaginitis).
- All forms of amoebiasis: intestinal, extra-intestinal, and asymptomatic cyst carriers.
- Treatment of Giardiasis.
- Acute ulcerative gingivitis.
- Anaerobically infected leg ulcers and bedsores.
- Acute dental infections due to anaerobic pathogens.
- Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis.
Relevant Products / প্রাসঙ্গিক পণ্য
✔️ Dosage & Administration of Flagyl Tablet and Suspension
Trichomoniasis
Adults & children >10 years:
- 200 mg three times daily or 400 mg twice daily for 7 days
- 800 mg in the morning & 1-2 g at night for 2 days
- 2 g single dose for 1 day
Children:
- 7–10 yrs: 100 mg three times daily
- 3–7 yrs: 100 mg twice daily
- 1–3 yrs: 50 mg three times daily
Intestinal Amoebiasis
- Adults & children >10 yrs: 800 mg tid for 5 days
Children:
- 7–10 yrs: 400 mg tid
- 3–7 yrs: 200 mg four times daily
- 1–3 yrs: 200 mg tid
Extra-intestinal/Asymptomatic Amoebiasis
- Adults & children >10 yrs: 400–800 mg tid for 5–10 days
Children:
- 7–10 yrs: 200–400 mg tid
- 3–7 yrs: 100–200 mg qid
- 1–3 yrs: 100–200 mg tid
Giardiasis
- Adults & children >10 yrs: 2 g daily for 3 days
Children:
- 7–10 yrs: 1 g daily
- 3–7 yrs: 600–800 mg daily
- 1–3 yrs: 500 mg daily
Acute Ulcerative Gingivitis
- Adults & children >10 yrs: 200 mg tid for 3 days
Children:
- 7–10 yrs: 100 mg tid
- 3–7 yrs: 100 mg bid
- 1–3 yrs: 50 mg tid
Acute Dental Infections
- Adults & children >10 yrs: 200 mg tid for 3–7 days
Bacterial Vaginosis
- Adults & children >10 yrs:
- 400 mg bid for 7 days
- Or 2 g as a single dose
Leg Ulcers & Pressure Sores
- Adults & children >10 yrs: 400 mg tid for 7 days
Anaerobic Infections
- Adults & children >10 yrs: 800 mg initial dose, then 400 mg tid for 7 days
- Children 1–10 yrs: 7.5 mg/kg tid
Surgical Prophylaxis
- Adults & children >10 yrs: 400 mg tid starting 24 hrs before surgery for 1 day
- Children 1–10 yrs: 7.5 mg/kg tid
✔️ Hepatic Impairment:
May lead to the accumulation and worsening of encephalopathy. Dosage adjustment is required.
✔️ Renal Impairment:
No need for routine dose adjustment, though metabolites accumulate. Re-dose after hemodialysis. No changes needed for CAPD or IDP.
✔️ Drug Interactions
- Disulfiram: May cause psychotic reactions when used together.
- Alcohol: Avoid during and for at least one day after treatment to prevent disulfiram-like reactions (e.g., flushing, vomiting, rapid heartbeat).
- Oral Anticoagulants: Enhanced anticoagulant effect and bleeding risk; monitor prothrombin time closely.
- Lithium: Risk of elevated lithium levels.
- Cyclosporin: Monitor serum cyclosporin and creatinine closely.
- Phenytoin/Phenobarbital: May lower Flagyl levels due to increased metabolism.
- 5-Fluorouracil: Risk of increased toxicity due to reduced clearance.
- Busulfan: Risk of elevated plasma levels and toxicity.
✔️ Contraindications
Known hypersensitivity to metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives.
✔️ Adverse Effects
Nausea, metallic taste, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, and skin rashes.
✔️ Pregnancy & Lactation
- Pregnancy: Category B – No adequate human studies; use only when necessary.
- Lactation: Metronidazole is excreted in breast milk. Use with caution in nursing mothers.
✔️ Precautions & Warnings
- For extended use, monitor blood counts and watch for signs of neuropathy (e.g., tingling, dizziness, seizures).
- Use cautiously in hepatic encephalopathy; reduce dosage to one-third of normal and administer once daily.
- May cause dark discoloration of urine.
✔️ Storage:
Store below 30°C, away from light. Keep out of reach of children. Do not use past the expiry date.
Disclaimer:
ePharma sole intention is to ensure that its consumers get proper
information as musch as possible. Although we do not guarantee the
accuracy and the completeness of the information that provided and
here information is for informational purposes only.
The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute
for the advice of a qualified physician. This may not cover
everything about particular health conditions,
lab tests, medicines, all possible side effects, drug interactions,
warnings, alerts, etc. Please consult your healthcare professional
and discuss all your queries related to any disease or medicine. We
intend to support, not replace, the doctor-patient relationship.
