Topmate is prescribed as:
Epilepsy:
Migraine:
Topmate is approved for migraine prophylaxis in adults. Prophylactic treatment may be considered under the following conditions:
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A seizure results from an abnormal and uncontrolled electrical discharge in the brain, causing a temporary disruption in brain function. This can manifest as impaired alertness, unusual sensations, focal involuntary movements, or convulsions. Common seizure types include tonic-clonic seizures and partial-onset seizures.
The precise mechanisms by which topiramate exerts its effects on seizures and migraines remain incompletely understood. However, several properties of this medication likely contribute to its therapeutic benefits. Topiramate impacts various neural pathways, including voltage-dependent sodium channels, GABA receptors, and glutamate receptors.
GABA and Glutamate Modulation:
Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channel Blocking:
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition:
Common:
Nausea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, diarrhea, dry mouth, weight loss, paraesthesia, hypoaesthesia, fatigue, headache, dizziness, speech disorder, insomnia, impaired memory and concentration, depression, anxiety, and visual disturbances.
Less Common:
Suicidal ideation, metabolic acidosis, alopecia, taste disturbances, and reduced sweating in children.
Rare:
Leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and serious skin reactions.
Epilepsy: Monotherapy
Adults and children over 16 years:
Children aged 6–16 years:
Epilepsy: Adjunctive Therapy
Adults and children over 16 years:
Children aged 2–16 years:
Migraine Prophylaxis
Adults and children over 16 years:
Children under 16 years: