Othera 20mg Tablet 10pcs

Uses of Othera 20mg Tablet

• Reflux Esophagitis
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
• Helicobacter pylori Infection
• Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
• Peptic Ulcer

How does Othera 20mg Tablet work?

Othera 20mg Tablet is a proton pump inhibitor that suppresses gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of enzymes in the stomach cell. It hence reduces gastric acidity by blocking the final step in acid production and helps in the relief of acid-related indigestion and heartburn.

Side Effects of Othera 20mg Tablet

• Headache
• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Vomiting
• Excessive gas in the stomach
• Stomach pain
• Skin rash
• Difficulty in breathing
• Swelling of face, lips, eyelids, tongue, hands and feet
• Irregular heartbeat
• Decreased appetite
• Dizziness
• Flatulence
• Dizziness
• Arthralgia (joint pain)

Quick Suggestions:

• Othera 20mg Tablet is generally well-tolerated and provides long-lasting relief. However, there are certain precautions and potential risks associated with its use.
• To avoid exacerbating symptoms, it is advisable to refrain from eating late at night or before bedtime.
• If you experience persistent watery diarrhea, fever, or stomach pain, it is important to inform your doctor, as these could be signs of a more serious condition.
• Long-term use of Othera 20mg Tablet may lead to weakened bones and deficiencies in minerals like magnesium. It is recommended to follow your doctor's advice regarding the intake of calcium and magnesium supplements or maintaining an adequate dietary intake of these minerals.
• If you develop symptoms such as decreased urination, swelling (edema), lower back pain, nausea, fatigue, rash, or fever, it is crucial to consult your doctor promptly, as these may indicate a kidney problem.
• To manage GERD and minimize acid reflux, it is advisable to avoid consuming foods or drinks that can trigger heartburn, such as onions, peppermint, chocolate, caffeinated beverages, citrus fruits or juices, tomatoes, and high-fat or spicy foods.
• Elevating the head and chest while sleeping, using a single raised block instead of multiple pillows can help prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus.
• Alcohol and cigarette smoking should be avoided, as alcohol can increase stomach acid production and smoking can damage the valve that prevents acid reflux.
• Incorporating high-fiber foods, berries, cherries, leafy green vegetables (like kale and spinach), and black peppers into your meals can provide antioxidants, calcium, and vitamin B12, which can help counteract the long-term effects of the medication. Fermented dairy products containing probiotics, such as miso, sauerkraut, and kimchi, can aid in preventing excessive stomach acid production. Cranberry juice may be beneficial for peptic ulcers and H. pylori infection.
• To prevent increased stomach acid production, it is advisable to take breaks from sitting continuously, engaging in brisk walking, or stretching for about 5 minutes every hour.
• Prolonged use of Othera 20mg Tablet may carry certain risks, including an increased likelihood of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, magnesium and vitamin B12 deficiency (which can increase the risk of bone fractures), atrophic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining), acute interstitial nephritis (inflammation of kidney cells).

Indication of Othera 20mg Tablet

Esomeprazole is used to treat:

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Stomach ulcers and intestinal ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori infection and NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Pharmacology

Esomeprazole, the active ingredient in Othera 20mg Tablet, works by preventing the final step of gastric acid production. It achieves this by binding covalently to the cysteine sulfhydryl group in the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme on the secretory surface of gastric parietal cells. This binding inhibits the production of gastric acid.

The inhibitory effect of esomeprazole on gastric acid secretion is not dependent on the specific stimulus. It effectively reduces both basal and stimulated acid secretion. Since the binding of esomeprazole to the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme is irreversible, new enzymes need to be synthesized to restore acid secretion. This means that the antisecretory effect of esomeprazole lasts for more than 24 hours.

In summary, esomeprazole acts by irreversibly binding to the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme, resulting in a long-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion.

Dosage & Administration of Othera 20mg Tablet

Adult Dose:

• GERD Without Erosive Esophagitis: 20 mg taken orally once daily for 4 weeks. If symptoms do not completely resolve in the first 4 weeks, an additional 4 weeks of treatment may be considered.
• GERD With Erosive Esophagitis: 20-40 mg taken orally once daily for 4-8 weeks.
• If oral therapy is not possible, intravenous (IV) administration of 20-40 mg once daily for up to 10 days may be used. Once the patient is able to swallow, switch to oral administration.
• Maintenance: 20 mg taken orally once daily for up to 6 months.
• Risk Reduction of NSAID-Associated Gastric Ulcer: 20-40 mg taken orally once daily for up to 6 months.
• NSAID-Induced Gastric Ulcer: 20 mg taken orally once daily for 4-8 weeks.
• Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: Initial dose of 80 mg taken orally divided into two doses every 12 hours. Adjust the regimen based on efficacy, with a maximum dose of up to 240 mg taken orally once daily or 120 mg taken orally every 12 hours for certain patients.

Elderly: No dosage adjustment is needed.

Hepatic Impairment:

• Mild to moderate impairment (Child-Pugh A/B): No dosage adjustment is required.
• Severe impairment (Child-Pugh C): The dose should not exceed 20 mg per day.

Child Dose:

• GERD Without Erosive Esophagitis:
  • Age 1-12 years: 10-20 mg taken orally once daily for up to 8 weeks.
  • Age >12 years: 20-40 mg taken orally once daily for up to 8 weeks.
• GERD With Erosive Esophagitis (Healing):
  • Age 1 month to 1 year:
    • Body weight <3.5 kg: 2.5 mg taken orally once daily for up to 6 weeks.
    • Body weight >3.5-7.5 kg: 5 mg taken orally once daily for up to 6 weeks.
    • Body weight >7.5 kg: 10 mg taken orally once daily for up to 6 weeks.
  • Age 1-12 years:
    • Body weight <20 kg: 10 mg taken orally once daily for 8 weeks.
    • Body weight >20 kg: 10-20 mg taken orally once daily for 8 weeks.
  • Age >12 years: 20-40 mg taken orally once daily for 4-8 weeks.
• Maintenance: 20 mg taken orally once daily for up to 6 months.

Renal Dose: No dosage adjustment is needed for renal impairment.

Take Othera 20mg Tablet as advised by your doctor. It can be taken with or without food. Swallow Othera 20mg Tablet with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending on your age, body weight, and disease condition.

Interaction

Othera 20mg Tablet can potentially interact with various medications, including blood thinners (such as clopidogrel and warfarin), antifungal drugs (like ketoconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and posaconazole), certain anti-HIV medications (atazanavir, nelfinavir, and rilpivirine), specific antiviral drugs (nelfinavir), iron supplements, antibiotics (ampicillin and rifampicin), heart medication (digoxin), and anti-cancer drug (methotrexate). It is important to inform your doctor if you are taking any of these medications.

It is also essential to note that Othera 20mg Tablet can interact with St. John's wort, an herbal plant used as an antidepressant. Taking St. John's wort alongside Othera 20mg Tablet may affect the efficacy of the medication. Therefore, it is advised to avoid using St. John's wort while taking Othera 20mg Tablet.

Patients with Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, magnesium, and vitamin B12 deficiency (increasing the risk of bone fractures), atrophic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining), and acute interstitial nephritis (inflammation of kidney cells) should not be given Othera 20mg Tablet.

Contraindications

Esomeprazole should not be used in patients who have a known hypersensitivity or allergy to any component of the formulation or to substituted Benzimidazoles. It is contraindicated in such individuals.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy: There have been no adequate and well-controlled studies conducted on pregnant women with esomeprazole. However, it is important to note that esomeprazole is the S-isomer of omeprazole. Available epidemiological data regarding omeprazole use during the first trimester of pregnancy have not shown an increased risk of major congenital malformations or other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Animal reproduction studies in rats and rabbits have shown dose-dependent embryo-lethality at omeprazole doses that were approximately 3.4 to 34 times higher than the recommended human dose of 40 mg, based on body surface area for a 60 kg person.

Lactation: Esomeprazole is the S-isomer of omeprazole, and limited data suggest that omeprazole may be present in human milk. There is currently no clinical data available on the effects of esomeprazole on breastfed infants or on milk production. When considering the use of esomeprazole in breastfeeding mothers, it is important to weigh the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding against the mother's clinical need for therapy and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant, either from the treatment itself or from the underlying maternal condition.

Precautions & Warnings

It is important to avoid taking Othera 20mg Tablet in the following situations:

• Allergy: If you are allergic to Othera 20mg Tablet or proton pump inhibitors, it is advisable to avoid taking this medication.
• Gastric cancer: If you have gastric cancer, Othera 20mg Tablet should be avoided.
• Liver disease: Individuals with liver disease should not take Othera 20mg Tablet.
• Low magnesium level (osteoporosis): If you have low magnesium levels or osteoporosis, it is recommended to avoid Othera 20mg Tablet.
• Low vitamin B12: If you have low levels of vitamin B12, it is advisable to avoid Othera 20mg Tablet.
• Pregnancy or planning for pregnancy: Othera 20mg Tablet should be avoided during pregnancy or if you are planning to become pregnant.
• Breastfeeding: Breastfeeding mothers should not take Othera 20mg Tablet.

Othera 20mg Tablet may also interact with certain medications. It is important to inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medications:

• Blood thinner (warfarin)
• Antifungal (ketoconazole)
• Anti-HIV drugs (atazanavir, nelfinavir)
• Iron supplements
• Ampicillin antibiotic
• Anti-cancer drug (methotrexate)

Prolonged use of Othera 20mg Tablet may lead to complications such as lupus erythematosus (an inflammatory condition where the immune system attacks its own tissues), and deficiency of vitamin B12 and magnesium. It is important to be aware of these potential risks.

Additionally, Othera 20mg Tablet may mask the symptoms of gastric cancer. If you experience severe stomach pain or gastric bleeding (blood in mucous or stool), it is important to consult your doctor immediately.

Storage Conditions

Store in a cool & dry place below 25ºC, and protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.