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A-Mycin (Erythromycin) is a macrolide antibiotic that works by either inhibiting bacterial growth (bacteriostatic) or killing bacteria (bactericidal), depending on concentration. It interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, blocking translocation.
Target Organisms Include:
- Gram-positive bacteria: Cocci and bacilli
- Gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria catarrhalis, N. meningitidis, N. gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis
- Others: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, various Bacteroides species, Fusobacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Treponema pallidum.
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✅ Description:
A-Mycin is an effective macrolide antibiotic used for managing a broad range of bacterial infections:
- Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Including tonsillitis, pharyngitis, peritonsillar abscess, laryngitis, sinusitis, and secondary infections following colds or influenza.
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Such as tracheitis and both acute and chronic bronchitis.
- Ear Infections: Includes otitis media, otitis externa, and mastoiditis.
- Eye Infections: Used in conditions like blepharitis and established trachoma.
- Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Useful in treating boils, carbuncles, impetigo, abscesses, pustular acne, paronychia, cellulitis, and erysipelas.
- Gastrointestinal Infections: Such as cholecystitis and staphylococcal enterocolitis.
- Prophylaxis: Administered before and after surgery, trauma, burns, and to prevent rheumatic fever.
- Other Uses: Effective in treating osteomyelitis, diphtheria, scarlet fever, and whooping cough.
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✔️ Pharmacology
- Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosome subunit.
- Acid-sensitive; delivered as stable esters like erythromycin stearate, which are absorbed after hydrolysis.
- Achieved 1–4 hours post-500 mg oral dose.
- Typically 1.2–4 hours; extends to ~5 hours in renal impairment.
- Widely distributed in body fluids and tissues, including liver, spleen, CSF (if meninges are inflamed), placenta, and breast milk.
- Primarily excreted in bile; 5–15% excreted unchanged in urine.
✔️ Dosage & Administration
- Adults & Children >8 years: 250–500 mg every 6 hours (up to 4 g/day in severe cases).
- Elderly: No special dose adjustment required.
- Children (2–8 years): 250 mg every 6 hours or 30–50 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses.
- Infants & Children (<2 years): 500 mg daily in divided doses or 30–50 mg/kg/day.
✔️ Drug Interactions
May increase serum theophylline levels when taken concurrently, potentially leading to toxicity. Theophylline dosage may need adjustment.
✔️ Contraindications
Hypersensitivity or known allergy to erythromycin.
✔️ Side Effects
- Mild gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, or vomiting may occur initially.
- Rare allergic reactions have been reported, including rare cases of anaphylaxis.
- Symptoms usually resolve without discontinuing therapy.
✔️
- Human studies show no conclusive evidence of harm during pregnancy.
- Caution is advised as erythromycin crosses the placenta and is found in breast milk.
✔️ Precautions & Warnings
Use with caution in patients with liver impairment, as the drug is primarily excreted via bile.
✔️ Storage Conditions
- Store below 25°C.
- Protect from light and moisture.
- Keep out of reach of children.
⚠️Disclaimer:
At ePharma, we’re committed to providing accurate and accessible health information. However, all content is intended for informational purposes only and should not replace medical advice from a qualified physician. Please consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance. We aim to support, not substitute, the doctor-patient relationship.
