Actrapid Penfill 100IU/ml

Uses of Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfill

Human insulin is used in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 & Type 2).

How does Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfill work?

Human insulin acts as a swift-acting form, commencing its effects around 30 minutes after injection. It mirrors the body's natural insulin action by aiding sugar absorption into cells and curbing liver sugar production.

Side Effects of Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfill

• Hypokalaemia (low potassium)
• Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar level)
• Local injection site reactions
• Lipodystrophy (fat deposition under the skin)
• Rash
• Pruritus (itchy skin)
• Weight gain
• Constipation
• Redness, swelling, and itching at the injection site

Quick Suggestions:

• Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfill is a rapid-acting insulin that, in conjunction with other diabetes medications, helps regulate blood sugar.
• It mimics natural insulin, directing glucose into muscles and fat cells while inhibiting liver glucose production.
• Exercise can reduce insulin needs during and after physical activity, and it might expedite insulin effects, particularly if exercised muscles are near injection sites.
• Consult your doctor to adapt your insulin routine for exercise. Opt for low-calorie cooked food over sugary options.
• When crossing time zones, consult your doctor about insulin schedule adjustments.
• To prevent life-threatening hypokalemia (low potassium), maintain normal potassium levels during prolonged usage.
• Controlling blood sugar levels is vital to avert diabetes-related complications.
• Master precise injection techniques and harmonize insulin with diet and exercise for a healthier life.

Indication

Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfilll is a fast-acting insulin used alongside other diabetes medications to regulate blood sugar. It substitutes the body's natural insulin, channeling glucose into muscle and fat cells for energy while curbing liver glucose production.

Maintaining blood sugar levels aids in preventing diabetes complications like kidney, eye, and nerve issues. Learn precise injection techniques for optimal outcomes, and incorporate them into a balanced lifestyle with diet and exercise for a healthier life.

Pharmacology

Insulin's ability to lower blood glucose is achieved through increased glucose uptake by muscle and fat cells, while also curtailing liver glucose production. Insulatard is prolonged-acting insulin, taking effect in around 1½ hours, peaking within 4-12 hours, and persisting for about 24 hours.

Insulin's presence in the bloodstream has a short half-life, impacting the time-action profile of insulin formulations, determined solely by their absorption properties. Multiple factors like dosage, infusion method, subcutaneous fat thickness, and diabetes type shape this process. Insulin pharmacokinetics exhibit considerable variability due to individual and interindividual differences.

Dosage & Administration of Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfill

Dosage Guidelines:

For Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Adults:

• Initial: 0.2-0.4 units/kg/day SC divided q8hr or more often
• Maintenance: 0.5-1 unit/kg/day SC divided q8hr or more often
• In insulin-resistant cases, higher doses might be needed
• Intermediate- or long-acting insulin comprises 50-75% of total daily requirement; rapid- or short-acting insulin for mealtime balance

For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:

• Initial: 0.2-0.4 units/kg/day SC divided q8hr-q12hr
• Intramuscular Diabetic ketoacidosis: Loading dose of 20 units followed by 6 units/hr
• Intravenous Diabetic ketoacidosis: 1 unit/ml infusion, adjust the rate accordingly
• Morning with NPH insulin: Two-thirds of daily dose SC; Ratio 1:2
• Evening with NPH insulin: One-third of daily dose SC; Ratio 1:1

For Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus:

• Similar dosing as adults
• Adolescents during puberty may need up to 1.5 mg/kg/day

Renal Dose:

• Dose adjustments might be necessary for renal impairment

Administration Instructions:

• Administer 5-10 minutes before meals subcutaneously in the abdomen or thigh
• Faster absorption in the abdomen
• Can be administered intravenously with 0.9% sodium chloride infusion
• The initial requirement is generally 0.3-1.0 IU/kg per day
• Follow injection with a meal or snack containing carbohydrates
• Proper injection technique:
  • Wash hands
  • Roll the insulin bottle and wipe the top
  • Pull the syringe plunger to the prescribed units
  • Insert the needle into the bottle and push the plunger
  • Wipe the injection site, pinch the skin, insert the needle, inject, and keep the needle for 6 seconds
  • Dispose of the syringe safely and have a meal or snack

Interaction

• Beta-blockers may mask hypoglycemic warning symptoms.
• Decreased hypoglycemic effect with corticosteroids, danazol, diazoxide, diuretics, glucagon, isoniazid, phenothiazine derivatives, somatropin, sympathomimetic agents, thyroid hormones, estrogens, progestins (e.g., in oral contraceptives), protease inhibitors, and atypical antipsychotic drugs (e.g., olanzapine and clozapine).
• Increased hypoglycemic effect with oral antidiabetic agents, ACE inhibitors, disopyramide, fibrates, fluoxetine, MAOIs, pentoxifylline, propoxyphene, salicylates, and sulfonamide antibiotics.
• Decreased insulin resistance with octreotide and lanreotide.
• Increased risk of weight gain and peripheral edema with pioglitazone and rosiglitazone.
• Decreased effect of sermorelin.

Contraindications

• If you are allergic to insulin or any of the ingredients of Actrapid 100IU/ml Penfill.
• If you have hypoglycemia (low blood sugar level).

Pregnancy & Lactation

Consult your doctor before using this medication if you are pregnant, suspect pregnancy, or intend to become pregnant. This insulin is considered safe during pregnancy. Your insulin dosage may require adjustments during pregnancy and post-delivery. Maintaining diabetes control is vital to prevent hypoglycemia for the well-being of your baby. Breastfeeding is not restricted.

Precautions & Warnings

• Considerations for pregnancy: Insulin needs may decrease in the 1st trimester, then increase in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Caution is advised in cases of decreased insulin requirements, such as due to diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, malabsorption, hypothyroidism, renal impairment, and hepatic impairment. There's a potential for hypokalemia.
• Use caution in renal and hepatic impairment, as dosage adjustments might be necessary. Be cautious with increased insulin requirements due to factors like fever, hyperthyroidism, trauma, infection, or surgery.
• Regarding lactation, it is safe to use this insulin while breastfeeding.

Storage Conditions

Store in a refrigerator at 2°C-8°C. Keep away from the cooling element. Do not freeze.