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Female Infertility is the inability to conceive despite engaging in unprotected intercourse for at least one year. It is influenced by various factors, including age (particularly over 35), medical conditions, ovulation problems, damage or abnormalities in the reproductive system, or hormonal imbalances. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, stress, and a sedentary lifestyle have contributed to increased infertility rates in recent years.

Key Steps to Support Fertility:

To improve the chances of conception, adopting a healthy lifestyle is crucial. This includes:

• Eating a well-balanced, nutritious diet.
• Regular physical activity.
• Ensuring adequate sleep.
• Managing stress effectively.

If conception remains difficult, it is advisable to consult a fertility specialist or gynecologist for personalized treatment options.

Key Facts About Female Infertility:

• Commonly Affects Women over the age of 35.
• Affected System: Female reproductive system.

Mimicking Conditions:

Certain health conditions may mimic infertility, including:

• Endometriosis
• Androgen-producing ovarian tumors
• Adrenal tumors
• Nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia
• Cushing syndrome
• Prolactinemia disorders
• Thyroid disorders
• Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

Necessary Tests & Imaging:

• Laboratory Tests: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Inhibin-B, Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and hormone profile assessments.
• Imaging Tests: Hysterosalpingography and lower abdomen ultrasound.

Treatment Options:

Medications:

• Clomiphene
• Gonadotropins
• Letrozole
• Bromocriptine
• Metformin

Surgery:

• Laparoscopy
• Tubal surgery

Assisted Reproduction:

• Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
• In-vitro fertilization (IVF)
• Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
• Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)

Specialists to Consult:

• Endocrinologist
• Gynecologist
• IVF Specialist

Symptoms of Female Infertility:

Main Symptom: Difficulty in conceiving.

Menstrual Irregularities:

• Abnormal, irregular, or absent periods.
• Heavy or light bleeding during menstruation.
• Painful periods with back pain, pelvic pain, and cramping.

Other Symptoms:

• Pain during intercourse.
• Signs of hormonal imbalance, including:
  • Acne or skin problems.
  • Changes in sex drive.
  • Dark hair growth on the face.
  • Hair thinning or loss.
  • Unexplained weight gain.