Hepa-B For Adult Vaccine 1ml

What is Hepatitis?

Hepatitis refers to the inflammation of the liver, which can result from various causes, including viral infections, exposure to certain drugs or chemicals, and excessive alcohol consumption. Viral hepatitis is a significant health concern and is classified into different types, such as hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E.

Symptoms of Hepatitis:

• In the acute phase of hepatitis, symptoms can be general and include fatigue, nausea, decreased appetite, mild fever, and mild abdominal pain.
• Specific symptoms of liver disease may develop later, such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) and darkening of urine.
• Chronic hepatitis, especially hepatitis B and C, may lead to severe liver damage over time.

Hepatitis A:

• Hepatitis A is often caused by contaminated food and is highly contagious.
• It spreads through the fecal-oral route, typically via fecal contamination of food.
• Symptoms are usually mild, and the virus is rapidly eliminated by the body.
• Good hand hygiene helps prevent hepatitis A.

Hepatitis B:

• Most adults with hepatitis B have mild or no symptoms, but some develop chronic infections.
• Chronic infection can lead to liver damage, failure, and cancer.
• It can be transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles for drug use, and from mother to infant.
• Healthcare workers and people with multiple sex partners are at higher risk.

Hepatitis C:

• Hepatitis C is often asymptomatic, leading to chronic infection.
• Chronic hepatitis C can result in severe liver complications.
• Transmission occurs mainly through infected blood or body fluids, such as sharing needles or from mother to child.
• The risk of transmission through unprotected sex is lower but still possible.

Diagnosis and Monitoring:

• Hepatitis can be diagnosed through blood tests and monitoring of liver function.
• Imaging tests like ultrasound and CT scans may assess liver health.
• Regular monitoring helps determine the progression of liver disease and guides treatment decisions.

Treatment:

• Treatment options vary depending on the type of hepatitis.
• Hepatitis A typically resolves on its own without specific treatment.
• Chronic hepatitis B may require antiviral medications to control the virus.
• Chronic hepatitis C can often be cured with direct-acting antiviral drugs, improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects.
• Monitoring and personalized treatment plans are essential for managing hepatitis effectively.

Hepatitis is a serious condition that can lead to severe liver damage if left untreated. If you suspect you have hepatitis or are at risk, it's crucial to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management. Early detection and appropriate care can significantly improve the outlook for individuals with hepatitis.

Indication

Hepa-B is recommended for active immunization against all known subtypes of Hepatitis B virus. This vaccine is vital for individuals at risk of Hepatitis B, including:

• Newborns born to infected mothers.
• Those who may come into contact with infected blood or body fluids.
• People engage in unprotected sex with an infected partner.
• Individuals sharing needles during drug use.
• Healthcare professionals and first responders.
• People with certain medical conditions, including HIV, hemophilia, and liver diseases.
• Travelers to regions where Hepatitis B is prevalent.

Composition

Each 0.5 ml dose contains >10 mcg of hepatitis B surface antigen adsorbed on Aluminum Hydroxide gel equivalent to Al 0.25 mg.

Description

Hepa-B is a sterile suspension of the purified surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus obtained through genetic engineering. It's noninfectious and contains no human-origin substances.

Dosage

The recommended dose varies by age and situation, with primary immunization typically consisting of three doses. Neonates born to infected mothers follow a specific four-dose schedule. Booster doses may be necessary for certain individuals.

Administration

Hepa-B is administered intramuscularly, typically in the deltoid muscle for adults and children or the anterolateral thigh in infants. It should not be given intravenously. The vaccine should be shaken gently before use.

Contraindications

Hepa-B should not be administered to individuals with hypersensitivity to its components or previous reactions to Hepatitis B vaccines.

Side Effects

Hepa-B is generally well-tolerated, with common reactions including local tenderness and mild systemic symptoms. Allergic-type reactions are very rare.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Hepa-B may be used during pregnancy when the risk of infection is high. Its effects on fetal development and reproduction capacity have not been fully evaluated. Limited data are available on its use during lactation.

Alcohol and Hepatitis B: A Cautionary Note

For individuals with hepatitis B, it's important to exercise caution when it comes to alcohol consumption. Here's why:

Alcohol and Hepatitis B:

• Alcohol consumption can have detrimental effects on the liver, especially in individuals with hepatitis B.
• Hepatitis B is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver. It can cause inflammation and damage to liver cells.
• Alcohol is known to be hepatotoxic, which means it can harm the liver. When combined with hepatitis B, the risk of liver damage increases.
• Chronic alcohol use can accelerate the progression of liver disease, including fibrosis (scarring), cirrhosis (advanced scarring), and even liver cancer in individuals with hepatitis B.
• Alcohol can also impair the immune system's ability to fight off infections, potentially making it more challenging for the body to control hepatitis B viral replication.

Storage Conditions

Store Hepa-B between +2°C to +8°C and keep it out of the reach of children during transportation and storage.