Diasulin 50/50 | 100 IU/ml

✔️ Pharmacology

Insulin lowers blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake into muscle and fat cells and inhibiting hepatic glucose production. It has a short plasma half-life of a few minutes and does not bind strongly to plasma proteins.

Typical Action Profile (after subcutaneous injection):

Onset: Within 30 minutes

Peak: 1–3 hours

Duration: 18–24 hours

✔️ Dosage & Administration

Dosage is individualized based on patient needs and determined by a physician.

Type 1 Diabetes: 0.5–1.0 IU/kg/day (0.7–1.0 IU/kg in pre-pubertal children)

Type 2 Diabetes: Initial dose 0.3–0.6 IU/kg/day

Increased doses may be required in insulin-resistant conditions (e.g., puberty, obesity).

A meal or carbohydrate snack should follow injection within 30 minutes.

Route: Subcutaneous injection into the abdominal wall (preferred), thigh, gluteal, or deltoid region. Injection sites should be rotated to prevent lipodystrophy.

Dosage Adjustment

Insulin needs may change due to:

Illness, infections, or fever (increase requirement)

Renal or hepatic impairment (reduce requirement)

Changes in physical activity or diet

Switching between insulin types or brands

✔️ Drug Interactions

May reduce insulin requirement: Oral hypoglycemics, MAO inhibitors, non-selective beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, salicylates, alcohol.
May increase insulin requirement: Thiazides, glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones, beta-sympathomimetics, growth hormone, danazol.
Note: Beta-blockers may mask hypoglycemia symptoms. Alcohol may prolong hypoglycemic effects.

✔️ Side Effects

Common: Hypoglycemia (most frequent)

Local: Lipodystrophy at injection sites if not rotated

Systemic: Rash, itching, sweating, GI upset, edema, angioedema, palpitations, hypotension (rare, severe hypersensitivity may be life-threatening)

✔️ Contraindications:

Hypoglycemia

Hypersensitivity to human insulin or any component of the formulation

✔️ Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

Insulin therapy is safe during pregnancy and lactation.

Pregnancy: Requirements decrease in the first trimester and increase in later stages; return to normal after delivery.

Lactation: No harm to the infant; dosage or diet may require adjustment.

✔️ Precautions & Warnings

• Inadequate dosing or discontinuation may cause hyperglycemia or ketoacidosis (potentially fatal).
• Hypoglycemia may result from excessive dosing.
• Any switch in insulin type or brand should be done under medical supervision.
• Patients traveling across time zones should seek medical advice regarding insulin timing.
• Do not use insulin that appears clumped or frosted.

✔️ Overdose Management

Mild hypoglycemia: Treat with oral glucose or sugar.
Severe hypoglycemia:

Administer Glucagon (0.5–1 mg) IM or SC by trained personnel, or IV glucose by a medical professional.

If unresponsive to Glucagon in 10–15 minutes, give IV glucose.

After recovery, give oral carbohydrates to prevent recurrence.

✔️ Storage Conditions

Store between 2°C–8°C (refrigerated).

Do not freeze.

Keep in original packaging, protected from light and heat.

When in use, store below 25°C for up to 6 weeks or below 30°C for up to 4 weeks.

Mix thoroughly before use by rolling gently between the hands.