Vildagliptin is a DPP-4 (Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4) inhibitor that helps regulate blood sugar by preventing the breakdown of incretin hormones. Incretins such as GLP-1 and GIP are produced in the intestine and increase after eating. These hormones stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β-cells and reduce glucagon secretion from α-cells when blood glucose levels are normal or high. They are normally degraded quickly by DPP-4.
By blocking DPP-4, Vildagliptin increases the levels and prolongs the action of these incretin hormones, which enhance insulin secretion and lower glucagon in a glucose-dependent manner, helping maintain better glycemic control.
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Vildapin is prescribed as an add-on therapy to diet and exercise to help improve blood glucose control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It may be used:
As monotherapy when diet and exercise alone do not provide sufficient glycemic control.
In combination therapy with Metformin, a Sulfonylurea, a Thiazolidinedione, or Insulin when diet, exercise, and a single oral antidiabetic agent fail to adequately control blood glucose.
Vildagliptin is not recommended during pregnancy.
It should also be avoided during breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data.
Monotherapy:
50 mg or 100 mg once daily
With Metformin or a Thiazolidinedione:
50 mg twice daily (morning and evening)
With a Sulfonylurea:
50 mg once daily in the morning
Vildapin can be taken with or without food.
No dosage adjustments are needed for elderly patients or those with mild renal impairment.
Pediatric use: Not recommended for individuals under 18 years of age.
Clinical studies show no significant interactions with drugs such as pioglitazone, metformin, glibenclamide, digoxin, warfarin, amlodipine, ramipril, valsartan, or simvastatin.
However, similar to other oral antidiabetic agents, the glucose-lowering effect of Vildapin may be reduced when taken with substances like thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, thyroid medications, and sympathomimetics.
Most side effects are mild and temporary, rarely leading to treatment discontinuation.
A few isolated cases of liver dysfunction have been reported. Clinical trials lasting over two years have not identified any new or unexpected safety concerns.
Store below 30°C, protected from light and moisture.
Keep out of the reach of children.
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