Generic: Xylometazoline Hydrochloride 0.1% Nasal
Type: Drops
Generic Name: Xylometazoline Hydrochloride 0.1%.
Manufacturer/Distributor: Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
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Indications
Xylometazoline is used in-
Pharmacology
Nasal congestion is caused by a variety of etiologies, including rhinosinusitis and allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, resulting in congestion of the venous sinusoids lining the nasal mucosa. When -adrenergic receptors are activated, nasal mucosal blood vessels constrict, and nasal airflow is restored. The most abundantly expressed 1A- and 2B-adrenoceptors in the human nasal mucosa may play the most important role in vasoconstriction of the human nasal mucosa. Xylometazoline is a 2B-adrenoceptor agonist with affinity for 1A-, 2A-, 2C-, 1B-, and 1D-adrenoceptors. Xylometazoline increases nasal airflow volume while decreasing nasal resistance during inspiration and expiration. Xylometazoline had a significantly faster onset of action than oxymetazoline, another imidazoline nasal decongestant with a similar duration of action. In one study, subjects with nasal congestion reported relief from earache and sore throat in addition to nasal decongestion: This effect is thought to be mediated by oxymetazoline-inducing vasoconstriction of the nasal mucosa, which contains the venous sinuses. Nasal decongestion allows for nasal breathing, which relieves sore throat caused by mouth breathing, which dries and irritates the throat.
Dosage & Administration
Contraindications
Individuals who have had a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy or surgery that exposed the dura mater should not use xylometazoline nasal drops. It is also not advised for those who are sensitive to Xylometazoline. Each Xylometazoline nasal drop should only be used by one person to avoid cross-infection. Decongestants should not be used for more than seven days in a row by patients.
Side Effects
The following adverse effects have been reported on occasion:
Pregnancy & Lactation
C is the pregnancy category. Xylometazoline should not be used when pregnant. The use of Otrivin while nursing should be done exclusively under the supervision of a doctor.
Precautions & Warnings
Adults should not use Xylometazoline Hydrochloride nasal drops (0.1 percent) on children under the age of 12. Drops should not be used for an extended period of time in situations of chronic rhinitis. Long-term usage of the drops may result in rebound congestion and drug-induced rhinitis
Storage Conditions
Keep out of direct sunlight. For hygienic concerns, do not use the bottle more than 28 days after it has been opened.