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Dytor 2.5 mg acts by inhibiting the Na⁺/K⁺/2Cl⁻ co-transporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, primarily by interfering with chloride binding. This action reduces the reabsorption of sodium and chloride, leading to increased urinary excretion of sodium, chloride, and water.
The enhanced delivery of sodium to the distal renal tubule promotes potassium excretion through the sodium–potassium exchange mechanism, particularly in the presence of elevated aldosterone levels. Dytor does not significantly affect glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, or acid–base balance.
Its antihypertensive effect is secondary to diuresis, resulting in reduced plasma volume, decreased cardiac output, and temporary lowering of blood pressure.
Initial dose: 10–20 mg once daily
Dose may be doubled gradually if response is inadequate
Doses above 200 mg/day have not been adequately studied
Initial dose: 20 mg once daily
Titrate upward by dose doubling if necessary
Maximum studied single dose: 200 mg
Initial dose: 5–10 mg once daily
Administer with an aldosterone antagonist or potassium-sparing diuretic
Maximum studied dose: 40 mg/day
Long-term diuretic use in hepatic disease lacks sufficient clinical evidence
Initial dose: 2.5–5 mg once daily
If inadequate after 4–6 weeks, increase to 10 mg once daily
Add another antihypertensive agent if blood pressure remains uncontrolled
Pediatric use: Safety and efficacy in children have not been established.
Generally well tolerated. Possible side effects include:
Dry mouth
Dizziness and fatigue
Gastrointestinal disturbances (diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting)
Skin rash
Orthostatic hypotension
Muscle cramps
Most adverse effects are mild and transient.
Increased risk of hypokalemia with amphotericin B, corticosteroids, carbenoxolone, and other potassium-depleting drugs
Known hypersensitivity to Dytor or other sulfonyl urea–derived drugs
Anuria
Pregnancy: Adequate human studies are lacking. Use only if clearly necessary.
Lactation: It is unknown whether Dytor is excreted in breast milk. Caution is advised when administered to nursing mothers.
Store below 30°C
Keep in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture
Keep out of reach of children
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