Abemaciclib is a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 4 and 6. These kinases, when activated by cyclin D, play a key role in regulating cell cycle progression. In estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer cells, CDK4/6-mediated phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein promotes transition from the G1 to the S phase, leading to tumor cell proliferation. By inhibiting CDK4/6, abemaciclib suppresses cell cycle progression and tumor growth.
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Abeclib 150 mg Tablet is indicated for the treatment of hormone receptor–positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HER2−) advanced or metastatic breast cancer in adults.
May be taken with or without food
Patients should be advised to take the medication at approximately the same time each day to maintain consistent drug levels
Abeclib is indicated in the following settings:
Monotherapy
Abemaciclib 200 mg orally twice daily
Continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity
Combination with Aromatase Inhibitor
Abemaciclib 150 mg orally twice daily
Aromatase inhibitor: as per prescribing information
Continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity
Combination with Fulvestrant
Abemaciclib 150 mg orally twice daily
Fulvestrant 500 mg intramuscularly on Days 1, 15, and 29, followed by once monthly
Continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity
Mild to moderate (Child-Pugh A or B): No dose adjustment required
Severe (Child-Pugh C): Reduce dosing frequency to once daily
Mild to moderate renal impairment (CrCl 30–89 mL/min): No dose adjustment required
Severe renal impairment, ESRD, or dialysis: Not studied
Ketoconazole: Avoid coadministration
Other strong CYP3A inhibitors: Dose reduction required
Strong CYP3A inducers: Avoid coadministration
There are no adequate human data. Based on animal studies and its mechanism of action, abemaciclib may cause fetal harm when administered during pregnancy. Pregnancy testing is recommended prior to initiation. Women of reproductive potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 3 weeks after the last dose.
It is unknown whether abemaciclib is excreted in human breast milk. Due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants, breastfeeding should be discontinued during treatment and for 3 weeks after the final dose.
Animal studies suggest potential impairment of male fertility.
Venous thromboembolic events, including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and other serious venous occlusions, have been reported in patients receiving abemaciclib in combination with aromatase inhibitors or fulvestrant. Patients should be monitored closely for signs and symptoms of thromboembolism, and appropriate treatment should be initiated if necessary.
Elevations in liver transaminases have been observed during therapy.
Median onset of Grade ≥3 ALT elevation: ~57 days
Median onset of Grade ≥3 AST elevation: ~185 days
Regular liver function monitoring is recommended.
Neutropenia has been reported, with Grade ≥3 neutropenia typically occurring within the first month of treatment. Febrile neutropenia is rare but serious cases, including fatal neutropenic sepsis, have been reported.
Diarrhea is very common and typically occurs early in treatment, often within the first month. Severe diarrhea may lead to dehydration and infection. Prompt management with antidiarrheal therapy and dose adjustment is recommended.
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