Gemifloxacin, the active ingredient in Flogem, belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis through the inhibition of type II topoisomerases, such as DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for bacterial growth.
Gemifloxacin is rapidly absorbed after oral intake and is well-distributed in the body, especially in lung tissues (epithelial lining fluid, alveolar macrophages, bronchial tissue) and nasal secretions.
Flogem is prescribed as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is used to treat bacterial infections in adults caused by susceptible bacteria, including:
Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis:
Community-acquired pneumonia:
Renal Impairment:
Aluminum-containing antacids and sucralfate: Reduce Flogem absorption.
- Omeprazole, theophylline, digoxin, warfarin, oral contraceptives: No significant interaction.
- Insulin or Insulin secretagogues: Increases the risk of hypoglycemia.
- Rifampin (P-glycoprotein or CYP3A4 inducers): Reduces linagliptin levels, possibly decreasing efficacy.
- Urine glucose tests: Flogem increases glucose excretion, leading to positive urine glucose results.
- 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) assay: Unreliable for assessing glycemic control when using SGLT2 inhibitors like Flogem.
Renal impairment:
Hepatic impairment: No dose adjustment is needed.
Elderly: No dose adjustment required.
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