Cholera Saline-IV 500ml

Uses of Cholera Saline-IV

• Diarrhea
• Dehydration
• Cholera
• Vomiting
• Fluid and Electrolyte loss

Composition

Each 100 ml solution contains-

• Sodium Chloride BP 0.5 gm
• Potassium Chloride BP 0.1 gm
• Sodium Acetate BP 0.393 gm

Side Effects of Cholera Saline-IV

Possible reactions that may occur due to the Cholera Saline solution or the administration technique include:

1. Febrile response: The occurrence of fever as a response to the solution or administration.
2. Infection at the site of injection: Development of infection at the injection site.
3. Venous thrombosis or phlebitis: Formation of blood clots or inflammation in the vein, potentially extending from the injection site.
4. Extravasation: Leakage of the solution into the surrounding tissues.
5. Hypervolemia: Excessive fluid volume in the bloodstream.

Additional symptoms that may arise include:

• Severe burning, pain, or swelling around the IV needle.
• Warmth, redness, oozing, or bleeding at the IV insertion site.
• Fever and ongoing cough.
• Malaise (general discomfort or unease), low-grade fever, headache, widespread aches and pains, flushing, generalized urticaria (hives), tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), and hypotension (low blood pressure).

Although reactions at the injection site are rare, they can occasionally occur within 5 to 7 days following administration. Symptoms may include erythema (redness), swelling, soreness, tenderness, and induration (hardening or thickening of the tissue).

Quick Suggestions:

• Sodium is crucial for regulating body water and its distribution. It is the primary cation in the extracellular fluid, accounting for over 90% of total cations.
• The acetate component in Cholera Saline can serve as an alternative source of bicarbonate through metabolic conversion in the liver.
• Potassium Chloride, on the other hand, is a major cation in the intracellular fluid. It plays a vital role in nerve impulse conduction in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles. It is involved in the contraction of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscles, maintenance of renal function, acid-base balance, carbohydrate metabolism, and gastric secretion.
• Sodium Chloride, being the major extracellular cation, plays a significant role in electrolyte and fluid balance, regulation of osmotic pressure, and water distribution. It is utilized as a source of electrolytes and water for hydration, treatment of metabolic acidosis, priming solution in hemodialysis, and management of hyperosmolar diabetes. Additionally, it serves as a diluent for infusing compatible drug additives.

Indication

Cholera saline is a solution containing electrolytes that are often depleted in conditions such as diarrhea, vomiting, and excessive sweating. It is used to restore the body's electrolyte balance and replenish fluids in cases of cholera, as well as in diarrhea, vomiting, and fluid loss.

Pharmacology

The pyrogen-free sterile injection solution of Cholera saline contains Sodium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, and Sodium Acetate (as Trihydrate) dissolved in Water. It is a sterile solution used for medical purposes.

Dosage & Administration of Cholera Saline-IV

The adult dose of Cholera Saline for intravenous administration varies based on individual patient requirements. The volume and rate of infusion will be determined by the patient's needs and the physician's judgment, taking into account factors such as age, weight, and clinical condition.

The recommended flow rate is up to 100 drops per minute per 70 kg body weight. However, the specific dosage and infusion rate should be determined by the healthcare provider based on the patient's specific circumstances.

It is important to follow the guidance and instructions provided by the healthcare professional regarding the volume, rate, and duration of infusion for Cholera Saline.

The volume and rate of infusion of Cholera Saline will be determined by the patient's requirements and the physician's judgment. Factors such as age, weight, and clinical condition of the patient will be taken into consideration.

Here is a step-by-step administration procedure for Cholera Saline:

1. Check the infusion set and the solution before use.
2. Tear off the protective cover of the Eurohead by pulling moderately.
3. Hold the Eurohead lightly, avoiding the bag.
4. Open the flow regulator fully and hold the giving set on the top white area, not the membrane venting region.
5. Insert the spike of the administration set into the Eurohead and firmly connect the administration set connector to the needle.
6. Gradually allow the fluid to flow down to the needle tip and then close.
7. Remove the protective cover of the needle.
8. Clean the venipuncture site with an antiseptic solution and insert the needle.
9. Securely tape the puncture site.
10. Securely tape the wings and tubing.
11. Start the infusion while adjusting the drip speed as necessary.

Interaction

Lithium: Concurrent use of Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection may increase renal sodium and lithium clearance, potentially resulting in decreased lithium concentrations. It is important to monitor serum lithium concentrations during concomitant use.

Other Products that Cause Hyperkalemia: The administration of Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection in patients who are concurrently or recently treated with products known to cause hyperkalemia increases the risk of severe and potentially fatal hyperkalemia. Avoid using Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection in patients receiving such products, including potassium-sparing diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and certain immunosuppressants (cyclosporine and tacrolimus). If use cannot be avoided, close monitoring of serum potassium concentrations is advised.

Other Products that Affect Fluid and/or Electrolyte Balance: Concomitant use of Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection with medications associated with sodium and fluid retention, such as corticosteroids or corticotropin, may increase the risk of hypernatremia and volume overload. Avoid using Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection in patients receiving such products. If use cannot be avoided, monitor serum electrolytes, fluid balance, and acid-base balance.

Other Drugs that Increase the Risk of Hyponatremia: Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection should be used with caution in patients receiving medications known to cause hyponatremia, such as diuretics and certain antiepileptic and psychotropic medications. These drugs can increase the risk of developing hyponatremia. If use cannot be avoided, monitor serum sodium concentrations closely.

Contraindications

In cases of acute respiratory or active infection, it is advisable to defer the administration of saline. Additionally, if a patient is receiving corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs, it is recommended to avoid giving saline as it may potentially impair their immune response. It is important to consider these factors and consult with a healthcare professional for appropriate management in such situations.

Pregnancy & Lactation

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies on the use of Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP in pregnant or lactating women and animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with this drug. Therefore, it is also not known whether Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, or USP can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP should be given to a pregnant woman only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Potassium Chloride in Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is administered to a nursing mother.

Precautions & Warnings

• Administration of Cholera Saline should be done with caution, avoiding rapid or prolonged infusion.
• Due to the presence of different electrolytes, special care should be taken in patients who may be at risk of detrimental effects from electrolyte imbalances, such as those with conditions like pregnancy, renal impairment, heart failure, pulmonary congestion, or receiving potassium-sparing diuretics.
• It is important to consider these factors and consult with a healthcare professional for appropriate use and monitoring of electrolyte balance in such patients.

Storage Conditions

Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.