Trova 10 | 10 Tablets

✔️ Indications

• Hypercholesterolemia (familial and non-familial)
• Mixed dyslipidemia
• Hypertriglyceridemia
• Primary dysbetalipoproteinemia
• Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
• Prevention of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients

✔️ Pharmacology

Atorvastatin selectively and competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for converting HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a precursor of cholesterol.
This inhibition results in increased hepatic LDL receptors and enhanced clearance of LDL cholesterol from the blood, effectively reducing plasma LDL-C and total cholesterol levels. It also moderately raises HDL-C and reduces triglycerides.

✔️ Mechanism of Action

By blocking HMG-CoA reductase, Atorvastatin reduces cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This leads to upregulation of LDL receptors and increased clearance of circulating LDL particles, effectively lowering total cholesterol and LDL levels while promoting HDL elevation.

✔️ Side Effects

Common:

• Headache
• Constipation
• Muscle pain (myalgia)
• Diarrhea, nausea, or indigestion
• Nasopharyngitis (sore throat, runny nose)

Occasional:

• Arthralgia, insomnia, urinary tract infection, limb pain
• Elevated liver enzymes, fatigue, dizziness

Rare but Serious:

• Myopathy or rhabdomyolysis (muscle weakness with dark urine)
• Hepatic dysfunction (yellowing of skin or eyes, dark urine)

✔️ Dosage & Administration

Adults: Initial dose of 10–20 mg once daily, adjustable at 4-week intervals based on response.
For patients requiring >45% LDL reduction, therapy may begin with 40 mg once daily.
Maximum dose: 80 mg/day.

Children (10–17 years): 10 mg once daily; may increase gradually to a maximum of 20 mg/day.

Administration: Can be taken with or without food, preferably at the same time each day. Avoid consuming more than 1 L/day of grapefruit juice, as it may increase drug levels.

✔️ Interaction

• Increased risk of myopathy or rhabdomyolysis: with potent CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., itraconazole, clarithromycin, HIV or HCV protease inhibitors, lopinavir/ritonavir).
• Reduced atorvastatin plasma concentration: with CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampicin, efavirenz).
• Increased serum levels: of digoxin, norethindrone, and ethinyl estradiol.
• Potentially fatal interactions: with cyclosporine, gemfibrozil, telaprevir, or tipranavir.

✔️ Interaction

• Active liver disease or persistent elevation of serum transaminases
• Hypersensitivity to atorvastatin or any excipients
• Pregnancy and lactation
• Unexplained muscle pain or myopathy
• Porphyria

✔️ Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

Atorvastatin is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to the risk of fetal harm. Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during therapy.

✔️ Precautions & Warnings

• Monitor liver function before and during therapy.
• Caution in patients with kidney or liver impairment, hypothyroidism, or diabetes (may slightly raise blood glucose).
• Limit alcohol intake during treatment.
• Stop medication and inform your doctor immediately if unexplained muscle pain or tenderness occurs.

✔️ Storage:

Store below 30°C, in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture.
Keep out of reach of children.