Metfo XR 500mg 10pcs

Indications

A medication called Metfo XR 500 is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It aids in blood sugar regulation and averts serious diabetic complications as a result. Additionally, it is used to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that affects women and is related to menstruation. It's best to take Metfo XR 500 with food to prevent nausea and discomfort in the stomach.

Pharmacology

The biguanide class of oral antihyperglycemic drug metformin is used to treat type 2 diabetes. It lowers plasma glucose levels at rest and after meals. It works in a different way from sulfonylureas and doesn't result in hypoglycemia. By increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization, metformin decreases hepatic glucose synthesis, lowers intestinal glucose absorption, and improves insulin sensitivity.

Dosage & Administration

Metformin Extended Release Tablet: 

Always swallow the entire Metformin XR tablet without crushing, chewing, or cutting it.

• Adult: 500 mg of Metformin XR once daily with dinner is the typical starting dose. The dose should be raised in 500 mg weekly increments, up to a maximum of 2000 mg taken with a meal once per day in the evening, or 1000 mg twice daily. Up to the maximum recommended daily dose, patients taking metformin immediate-release tablets may switch to metformin extended-release tablets.
• Children: There have been no studies on metformin extended-release tablets in kids.

Patient with renal impairment: 

• Patients with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 should not take metformin. If the eGFR drops below 45 mL/min/1.73 m2, weigh the benefits and risks of counting.

Metformin Immediate Release Tablet: 

The dosage of Metformin Hydrochloride must be tailored to the patient's unique needs in order to maximize effectiveness and minimize side effects.

• Adults: The recommended initial dose of metformin is 850 mg once daily or 500 mg twice daily, administered with meals. Increases in dosage should be made in divided doses of 500 mg every week or 850 mg every two weeks, up to a maximum of 2000 mg per day. A maximum daily dose of 2550 mg of glucosamine may be given to patients who need additional glycemic control. Taking doses over 2000 mg three times daily with meals may improve tolerance.
• Children: The recommended Metformin starting dose is 500 mg twice daily, taken with meals. Increases in dosage should be made in weekly increments of 500 mg, up to a daily cap of 2000 mg, administered in divided doses.

Interaction

Co-administration of topiramate and zonisamide with carbonic anhydrase may raise the risk of lactic acidosis. Metformin buildup may be increased by drugs that decrease Metformin clearance (Ranolazine, Dolutegravir, Cimetidine). Metformin's effect on lactate metabolism can be exacerbated by alcohol.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to any of the excipients or the active ingredient
• Any type of acute metabolic acidosis (such as lactic acidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis).
• Renal failure that is severe (GFR 30 mL/min).
• Examples of acute conditions that may harm renal function include dehydration, severe infection, and shock.
• Tissue hypoxia can be caused by acute or long-term illnesses, including cardiac or respiratory failure, a recent myocardial infarction, shock, etc. acute alcohol intoxication, hepatic insufficiency, and alcoholism.

Side Effects

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Taste change
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Loss of appetite

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy: Uncontrolled diabetes (whether gestational or permanent) increases the risk of congenital malformations and perinatal death. When a patient intends to become pregnant or is pregnant, it is advised that diabetes not be treated with metformin, but that insulin is used to keep blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible in order to decrease the risk of fetal abnormalities.

Breastfeeding: Metformin can be found in human breast milk. There were no negative effects detected in breastfed newborns/infants. However, due to the scarcity of evidence, nursing is not advised on metformin medication. The choice to cease nursing should be taken after considering the benefits of breastfeeding as well as the potential danger of harmful consequences on the child.

Precautions & Warnings

Metformin Hydrochloride is significantly eliminated through the kidney, and the risk of Metformin buildup and lactic acidosis increases with the degree of renal function impairment. Metformin has been linked to a decrease in vitamin B12 levels. When used with insulin or an insulin secretagogue, it also raises the risk of hypoglycemia.

Storage Conditions

Keep below 30°C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.